5, 3943 (2014). Expert Answer .
The crystallite size of sulfur in S/BP was ~ 46.9 nm estimated by the Sherrer equation, which was comparable with that of S/BP-EtOH (~ 40 nm). The Co 2p3/2 peak of 779.4 eV and the band separation of 14.8 eV with its corresponding Co 2p1/2 peak can be assigned to Co(III) valence state, indicating the partial oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III) and the significant role of Co(II)/Co(III) redox in the catalysis [32].
The largest chemicals acquisition in 2005 was Perstorp AB - which was acquired by PAI Partners for $1.1B. Commun.
XRD pattern (Fig. S/BP could deliver as high capacity as 1400 mAh g−1 while S/BP-EtOH had a capacity of ca. 5d). point. to unresolved doublet, depending on chemical state and/or instrument resolution. a XRD patterns of CoxS/BP, BP, CoxS300/BP, and CoxS600/BP. Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed. EDS sulfur mapping performed on a single carbon nanotube (Fig. Some bacteria and archaea use hydrogen sulfide in place of water as the electron donor in chemosynthesis, a process similar to photosynthesis that produces sugars and utilizes oxygen as the electron acceptor. It is abundant, multivalent and nonmetallic.Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula S 8.Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room temperature. 3PO M+=278 HCl M+=36 HBr M+=80 HIM+=128 BH. Sulfur is absorbed by plants roots from soil as sulfate and transported as a phosphate ester. Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, Jr., Shriver, Atkins. Sometimes nitrogen atoms of histidines have also been found to coordinate such clusters. The electrodeposition of sulfur on buckypaper (BP, NanoTechLabs, 60 g m−2, ~ 250 µm in thickness) was carried out in a three-electrode compartment at ambient conditions by a galvanostatic method with current density of 10 mA cm−2 using a Solartron potentiostat (Solartron 1470E). In high concentrations, hydrogen sulfide can cause death by means of respiratory paralysis, and sulfur dioxide is known to be one of the causes of acid rain and a dangerous component in air pollution. More modern power plants that use synthesis gas extract the sulfur before they burn the gas. Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed. a CV of 10 mM polysulfide using a BP electrode at 20 mV s−1 scan rate. The discharge capacity was as high as 1650 mAh g−1 at the first cycle, which was close to the theoretical value of sulfur cathode capacity (Fig. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were carried out using a Solartron 1470E potentiostat. if(sE && (url = sE.options[sE.selectedIndex].value)) { https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2015.08.011, J.-Y. 15.8 eV, suggesting that the cobalt cations are in Co(II) valence state for the hybrid. It is believed that Co(II) content is dominant in CoxS during discharge, acting as electron donor to assist the reduction of polysulfide. Soc. This improved significantly the performance of the system. They can grow on other partially oxidized sulfur compounds (e.g. Both the XRD patterns of CoxS/BP and CoxS300/BP show only peaks of BP, suggesting the possible lack of long-range ordered structure for CoxS and CoxS300 (Fig. When the annealing temperature was increased to 600 °C, CoxS600/BP demonstrated two additional peaks at 2θ = 29.6° and 2θ = 35.1°, which might be assigned to the peaks of Co1-xS. Learn about the practical applications of XPS analysis techniques, and get ideas about implementing XPS. Most pervasive are the ferrodoxins, which serve as electron shuttles in cells. The charge–discharge profile at a current rate of 0.1 C showed two discharge plateaus and the corresponding charge plateaus with close spacing (Fig.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.04.049, G. Li, J. For more information about the activation, please contact the support of PEAK-System ([email protected]). Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. Yao, G.W. S/BP-EtOH cross section (Fig. Polysulfide solution was prepared and used as the electrodeposition solution instead of sulfide solution, which is commonly employed in the literature [10, 12]. }
Electrodeposited Sulfur and CoxS Electrocatalyst on Buckypaper as High-Performance Cathode for Li–S Batteries. Commun. All of them show decreased capacities along with the increase in current rate and good capacity retention when the current rate is reverted to 0.5 and 0.1 C. Among them, S/CoxS/BP demonstrates the highest capacities of 1280, 1190, 1100, 1030 and 950 mAh g−1 at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 C, respectively, alluding to the advantage of CoxS promoting sulfur performance by catalyzing polysulfide conversion and efficiently mitigating the shuttle effect of polysulfide. Primitive bacteria that live around deep ocean volcanic vents oxidize hydrogen sulfide in this way with oxygen; the giant tube worm is an example of a large organism that uses hydrogen sulfide (via bacteria) as food to be oxidized. It is expected that BP showed no apparent effect on the polysulfide adsorption because of the non-polar property (Fig.
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S5. Power Sources 300, 386–394 (2015). Discoverer: unknown Vol. Jung, D.S. 2d). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602543, G. Zhou, H. Tian, Y. Jin, X. Tao, B. Liu et al., Catalytic oxidation of Li2S on the surface of metal sulfides for Li−S batteries. S2p spectrum.
The accessibility of the polysulfide ions to the highly porous BP is expected to be driven by the electric field and capillary forces. A 3(18), 10127–10133 (2015). Yi Zhan and Andrea Buffa contributed equally to this work, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore, You can also search for this author in
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