Author of. From 1940 on, with the diffusion of existentialism through continental Europe, its directions developed in keeping with the diversity of the interests to which they were subject: the religious interest, the metaphysical (or nature of Being) interest, and the moral and political interest. And worse, we will eventually be remembered no more. The philosophy of the human person started when the methods of philosophy were applied to find answers regarding the questions and mysteries of human existence. Nature of existentialist thought and manner, Social and historical projections of existentialism, https://www.britannica.com/topic/existentialism, The Basics of Philosophy - Existentialism, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of Ages - Existentialism, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Existentialism, existentialism - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). It helps man to realize his purpose of existence thereby fashioning his own life through realization and reflection on himself by excluding himself from the crowd. Thus, Fries and his co-believers became the earlier opponents and critics of metaphysical idealism. Emeritus Professor of History of Philosophy, University of Turin, Italy, 1936–76. Other than being an authentic individual, who answers the question of freedom, meaning and faces the existential phenomenon of death, suffering, dread, despair, absurdity etc, man is otherwise subsumed in the crowd thus losing his individuality to abstract objective or societal control. It is also of relevance to contemporary man in re-orienting the contemporary world on the fact that self-realization and valuation is possible only if man makes personal decision out of deep personal reflection and free exercise of his will power while being ready to take responsibilities for his subjective decisions than objective crowd following. It is a manner of philosophizing, a way and manner of looking at the world especially of man and his place in the universe.” For Aqulanna (147) existentialism “is concerned with the ambiguities and paradoxes that constitute the inner being of man”. In fact, the claim that God exists and has a purpose for our lives is clearly consistent with the claim that evolution is true. One such source is the subjectivism of the 4th–5th-century theologian St. Augustine, who exhorted others not to go outside themselves in the quest for truth, for it is within them that truth abides. The absurdity of human existence then seems to lie in the fact that in becoming myself (a free existence) I must be what I am not (a thing). Man often focuses on thought of others to the detriment of his unique individuality. Questions such as who is a human being? Critical, in that it does not assimilate all Kierkegaard’s assumptions, rather it appraises his strong points but criticizes the unwholesome aspects of his notion or teachings in regard to human existence. If he is, he hasn't shown us. Wilson must give us more. So while we may be free from a creator, we are trapped by our biology. Tap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to you. Some necessary opinions or insights of others are employed as and when due as the research progresses. It is his relationship to this that categorizes him either as authentic or inauthentic individual. Nature of existentialist thought and manner. However, there is the other group of existentialists who discussed human existence as a worthwhile venture. It is therefore in a bid to clarify some of these mind-bogging issues that the researcher is out to expose what Kierkegaard considers to be the gauge or the standard of meaningful human existence. It is a major tragedy of human existence that many people goes through life failing to express their individual potentialities to an appreciable extent. The authenticity of this individual existences made Kierkegaard to raise questions such as “How should one live authentically as a Christian? On the other hand, it can hold that human existence, posing itself as a problem, projects itself with absolute freedom, creating itself by itself, thus assuming to itself the function of God. In Omorveghs (39) words, this is a loose system of philosophy that deals “win, concrete existence as opposed essence”. After all, God might have used evolution to bring us about and carry out his plan for our lives. Thereby justifying the rationale behind this research bearing in mind it impact in awakening the contemporary man to the reality of himself as an existing being. Does humanity have a special place in the Universe? So, the chain of reaction against idealism continued and reached screen Kierkegaard. In doing so, he identifies several questions a worldview must answer regarding human existence. (Whether or not evolution is consistent with the particular claims of particular religions is another matter.). Third, the doctrines focus on the intersubjectivity that is inherent in existence and is understood either as a personal relationship between two individuals, I and thou, such that the thou may be another person or God, or as an impersonal relationship between the anonymous mass and the individual self deprived of any authentic communication with others. How can I use my freedom?” Kierkegaard want on to assert that human existence is not merely an existence but an authentic human existence with paschal relationship with his creator. Does man have absolute freedom to make choices? In this light, it is agreed that existential philosophy concern itself with the ultimate question of the meaning of human existence. Also, bearing in mind the scope of epistemology which deals with the nature, scope and criterion of knowledge. The outcome of that effort is manifested in the acquisition of deep knowledge of existentialists’ concept of human existence. Where we are going and why is up to us, not the dictates of some heavenly deity. Examples of human rights are the right to freedom of religion, the right to a fair trial when charged with a crime, the right not to be tortured, and the right to education. Where are we going? Yet the question remains: is Wilson correct? Third, existentialism is opposed to any form of necessitarianism; for existence is constituted by possibilities from among which the individual may choose and through which he can project himself. What does existence like? Existentialism, any of various philosophies, most influential in continental Europe from about 1930 to the mid-20th century, that have in common an interpretation of human existence in the world that stresses its concreteness and its problematic character. Thus, the significance of this work can be outline as follows: In order to give this work its required philosophical grounding, the researcher made wide consultation of research materials on Kierkegaard. What is the meaning of freedom for me? It can insist on the transcendence of Being with respect to existence, and, by holding that transcendence to be the origin or foundation of existence, it can thus assume a theistic form. It is thus opposed to most forms of idealism, such as those that stress Consciousness, Spirit, Reason, Idea, or Oversoul. Its use and abuse makes and mars man respectively. (3) That investigation is continually faced with diverse possibilities, from among which the existent (i.e., the human individual) must make a selection, to which he must then commit himself. Also, the scope of this research covers Kierkegaard’s existential philosophy, particularly on his notion of human existence and, by extension, his thought as it affects the contemporary man. “If you find that you are by nature mutable,” he wrote, “transcend yourself.” Another source is the Dionysian Romanticism of the 19th-century German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who exalted life in its most irrational and cruel features and made such exaltation the proper task of the “higher man,” who exists beyond good and evil.
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