Fermentation takes place under anaerobic conditions (i.e., in the absence of air). (c) Neutral FeCl3 (d) All of these (i) Picric acid from phenol : Question 41. Question 8. It is primarily used as raw material in the manufacturing of polyester fibers and fabric industry. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Question 15. The solubility of lower alcohols in water is due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between alcohols and water molecules. If you have any query regarding NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest. Picric acid is an organic compound with the formula (O2N)3C6H2OH. 24. Yield 2, 4, 6 - trinitrophenol / picric acid with conc. Dipole moment of phenol is smaller than that of methanol. An exhaustive E-learning program for the complete preparation of JEE Main.. Take chapter-wise, subject-wise and Complete syllabus mock tests and get in depth analysis of your test.. HNO3 and with cone. Its IUPAC name is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). Phenol, o-Nitrophenol, o-Cresol (c) Pentan-1 -ol, butan-2-ol, butan-1 -ol, propan-1 -ol It reacts with dilute nitric acid at room temperature to produce a mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol while with concentrated nitric acid, many nitro groups get replaced on the ring to produce 2,4,6-trinitrophenol which is also known as picric acid. Hence, the dipole moment of phenol (1.54 D) is smaller than that of methanol (1.71 D). Which of the following species can act as the strongest base? Which compound is predominantly formed when phenol is allowed to react with bromine in aqueous medium? Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive, hence its primary use. An sp2 hybridised carbon is more electronegative (because of greater 5-character) than sp3 hybridised carbon atom. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Nitration which is an electrophilic substitution reaction takes place more readily where the electron density is more. Solution: (d) IUPAC name of the compound is 2-propoxypropane. (v) Neutral ferric chloride give purple/red colour when treated with phenols. Match the starting materials given in Column I with the products formed by these (Column II) in the reaction with HI. Solution: In tert-butyl halides, the elimination reaction is favoured over substitution. Thus, correct order is: Question 20. Explain why is p-nitrophenol more acidic than phenol? Use MathJax to format equations. Solution: (i —> d), (ii —» e), (iii —> b), (iv —» a) (c) treatment with pyridinium chlorochromate This contains about 50% sugar. (iv) Hydroquinone is also known as quinol. HNO3 will yield o-nitrophenol. Therefore, ethers have low boiling points and lower than that of isomeric alcohols and almost same as those of alkanes of comparable molecular masses. Question 38. The order of reactivity of alcohols is primary > secondary > tertiary. In compounds (a) and (d), the -OH group is attached to a sp3 hybridised carbon atom but this carbon is not attached to the benzene ring. Question 61. Why? Solution: The C – O bond in phenols has some double bond character due to resonance and hence cannot be easily cleaved by nucleophiles. Question 58. Solution: Question 34. When the grapes are crushed, sugar and enzyme come in contact and fermentation starts. Reason (R): Sodium ethoxide may be prepared by the reaction of ethanol with aqueous NaOH. Presence of electron withdrawing group at ortho position increases the acidic strength. Assertion (A): IUPAC name of the compound Question 4. In methanol, no such conjugation (resonance) is possible. Hence, we acknowledge most of these substitutions at ortho and para positions only.
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