It is important to know that Bull Thistle is susceptible to glyphosate and dicamba herbicides. All of the leaves are deeply lobed with a 1 cm hard and sharp spike coming out the tip of each lobe with the margins lined with smaller spikes. Through the app or online. On smaller plants, the whole stem and branches are spiny-winged. In areas where it does not form monocultures it may also be welcome as a part of a meadow landscape. [22], The stems can be peeled and then steamed or boiled. It can also be found in hay fields, prairies and woodlands. For more information, see Noxious Weed Lists and Laws or visit the website of the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board. Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) is a biennial that true to its name, has notable spines. To contact staff, see the Noxious Weed Control Program Directory, send an email, or call 206-477-WEED (206-477-9333). They contain hundreds of tiny purple flowers. ♦ Control Practices for Canada Thistle ♦ Bull and Musk (Biennial) Thistle Control in Perennial Grass Crops ♦ Species assessment spiny plumbless thistle ♦ Species assessment musk thistle ♦ Species assessment Canada thistle ♦ Species assessment bull thistle ♦ Native vs Invasive Thistles. Cultivation and tilling can also be effective to control bull thistle. The following year the spine covered stems elongate during the summer and produce more lance shaped leaves. It is up to the reader to verify nutritional information and health benefits with qualified professionals for all edible plants listed in this web site. All information, photographs and web content contained in this website is Copyright © EdibleWildFood.com 2020. a variety of reasons, including to recognize new and past website users, to customize Most King County offices will be closed on Thursday and Friday, for the Thanksgiving holiday. Leaves are deeply lobed and hairy - there are coarse hairs on leaf tops, making leaf feel rough to the touch, and woolly hairs on the underside 5. Bull thistle flowers bloom two to three weeks after other thistles. Why do we need this? Pink-magenta flower heads top each stem 7. Do not leave cut stems of flowering bull thistle on the ground because they are likely to form viable seed after they are cut. [13] Nitrogen-rich soils help increase its proliferation. [14] The flowers are a rich nectar source used by numerous pollinating insects, including honey bees, wool-carder bees, and many butterflies. Bull thistle overwinters in this stage. Make sure when you seed a new area that you do so with certified weed-free seeds. north-east United States (zones 4-7), but do grow elsewhere. The flower heads are one to two inches wide and Gumdrop-shaped. Cirsium vulgare, the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium, native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwestern Africa (Atlas Mountains). [citation needed], Other English names include bull thistle,[13][22] Scots, Scottish, or Scotch thistle, and common thistle. About Bull Thistle: The Bull Thistle is a biennial weed that reproduces by the wind blowing their seeds. The taste is somewhat bland but the prickles MUST BE removed from the leaves before the leaves can be eaten! It is also naturalised in North America, Africa, and Australia and is an invasive weed in some areas. Dealers. Bull thistle seeds are numerous and straw-colored. If only one cutting a year is possible, cut when plants are in bud for best results. The spiny, spreading, winged stems are up to 7 ft. (2.1 m) tall. The flower buds can be cooked and used like globe artichokes, but they are smaller. More more effective control, cut plants with a sharp shovel at 1-2 inches below the soil surface prior to flowering. The seeds are 5 mm long, with a downy pappus, which assists in wind dispersal. Measure whether bracts collectively are greater than or less than 0.8 inches high, referring to the white bracket in Figure 2 for the length to measure. Seen it? After spraying, wait two weeks or more to give the herbicide time to work. Bull thistles have earned the title of noxious or invasive in many areas. Angela Gupta, Extension educator; Amy Rager, Extension educator; Megan M. Weber, Extension educator. Entering your postal code will help us provide news or event updates for your area. All rights reserved. Comparatively, Canada thistle is a perennial that reproduces through underground rhizomes and wind-blown seeds. Lobes on leaves are tipped with stout spines. Cultural/grazing: Bull thistle is not as competitive in a well-managed pasture and regular cutting combined with good pasture management can reduce bull thistle to a manageable level. As the stem gets thicker, the wings start drying and disappearing. [15] The seeds are eaten by goldfinches, linnets and greenfinches. Bull thistle may also dominate forest clear cuts and reduce growth of tree seedlings. [16] The seeds are dispersed by wind, mud, water, and possibly also by ants; they do not show significant long-term dormancy, most germinating soon after dispersal and only a few lasting up to four years in the soil seed bank. Leaf bases extend down onto stems and form spiny wings along the stems 6. Measure the width of … The bottom part of the leaf has wooly-hair and is light green and soft to touch. The leaves are stoutly spined, grey-green, deeply lobed; the basal leaves up to 15–25 cm long, with smaller leaves on the upper part of the flower stem; the leaf lobes are spear-shaped (from which the English name derives). The bull thistle is a biennially growing plant. Cirsium vulgare, the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium, native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwestern Africa (Atlas Mountains). Mowing can work if it is done twice in a season, which will reduce the population over time and prevent seed production. Altervista Flora Italiana, Cardo asinino. The supports for pollinators and pest-eating birds could outweigh its drawbacks. Livestock do not eat it, giving it an advantage over native species. your experience, perform analytics and deliver personalized advertising on our sites, LEARN HOW TO STOP THE INVASIVE SPOTTED LANTERNFLY, Coronavirus: Information and resources for the Extension Community, Photo: Loke T. Kok, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Bugwood.org, bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare. The bull thistle can grow up to 1.5 metres in height. Prevention: Bull thistle only reproduces by seed so prevention of seeding and takign care not to spread seeds are key to preventing new infestations. EdibleWildFood.com is informational in nature. For grassy areas, it is best to use a selective broadleaf herbicide to keep the competitive grasses intact. This plant bears leaves that end in extended, very sharp thorns and are beige in colour. The seeds survive in soil for more than 10 years. There are several herbicides that are effective on bull thistle, but it is important to carefully match the product with your site, local conditions and regulations, and other weed and land management issues, and always follow the label directions for the product you are using.
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